UNIT 1: HUMAN BODY

UNIT 1 EXAM: Friday, November 18

Interactive Game for Human Organs

Put the man back together!

Many systems on one site

Topics to study for Unit 1 Exam:

EXCRETORY / URINARY SYSTEM - Watch the VIDEO we watched in class about Iyanti Browne on dialysis.

Parts of the Urinary system:

• Kidneys - filter the blood
• Ureters - tubes from the kidneys to the bladder
• Bladder - muscular bag that holds urine
• Urethra - tube that passes urine from bladder to outside of body

Other ways waste is excreted (removed) from the body:

• Skin - sweating
• Respiration - exhale carbon dioxide and water
• Digestion - solid waste that is not digested from your food

NERVOUS SYSTEM

• The nervous system sends signals from your brain, down your spinal cord and through your nerves to control movement and responses to your environment
• The Autonomic Nervous System controls body functions you don't think about

MUSCULAR SYSTEM

• Muscles cross bones 
• Muscles contract (get shorter) and pull on bones to create movement 
• 3 types: smooth (internal organs), cardiac (heart), and skeletal (for movement, connected to your skeleton)
• 2 ways muscles are controlled: voluntary (you think about it), involuntary (you don't think about it)
• tendons connect muscles to bones

SKELETAL SYSTEM:

• provide support for your body
• make red blood cells
• provide protection for soft internal organs
• ligaments connect bones to bones
• Know the names and locations of at least 10 bones.

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM : 

Air you breathe in has more oxygen, air you breathe out has more carbon dioxide.
The millions of alveoli increase the surface area, just like the villi in the small intestine. This helps to increase the amount of oxygen that diffuses into your bloodstream.

• Path of Air:
• nose - air is cleaned by tiny hairs called cilia
• pharynx - throat, epiglottis is a flap of tissue that covers the trachea when you swallow food
• larynx - voicebox
• trachea - windpipe, made of flexible cartilage
• bronchi - 2 branches of the trachea
• bronchioles - more branches in the lungs
• alveoli - tiny air sacs at the end of the bronchioles, touch capillaries in the circulatory system to transfer oxygen into your blood stream

CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
Schoolhouse Rock Circulation Song

Your Circulatory System is made of three main components:

1. Heart - 4 chambers
1. 2 upper - atriums
2. 2 lower - ventricles
2. Blood vessels
1. arteries
2. veins
3. capillaries
3. Blood